As industries across Saudi Arabia embrace digital transformation, the convergence of Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) has introduced new cybersecurity challenges. While IT security focuses on protecting data and networks, OT security safeguards physical processes that run critical infrastructure such as energy, manufacturing, and transportation. A cyberattack on an OT system can have real-world consequences, from production shutdowns to safety hazards, making OT cybersecurity a top priority.

The Evolution of OT Security

Historically, OT systems operated in isolated environments with minimal cybersecurity concerns. These industrial networks were designed for reliability and efficiency rather than for withstanding cyber threats. However, with the rise of Industry and increased connectivity through IoT and cloud services, OT systems have become vulnerable to the same cyber threats that target IT networks.

Key Differences Between IT and OT Cybersecurity

IT cybersecurity primarily focuses on protecting data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Attacks on IT systems can result in data breaches, financial losses, and reputational damage. In contrast, OT cybersecurity is concerned with ensuring the availability and safety of industrial processes. A cyberattack on OT infrastructure can disrupt production, damage equipment, or even endanger lives.

Another key difference is how these systems handle updates and patches. IT systems are frequently updated to defend against new threats, while OT systems often operate on legacy technology with limited updates due to stability concerns. This makes OT environments more susceptible to long-standing vulnerabilities.

Security measures also differ. IT networks rely on firewalls, antivirus software, and encryption, whereas OT security prioritizes network segmentation, air-gapping, and real-time anomaly detection to prevent unauthorized access to critical systems.

Real-World Threats to OT Systems

Saudi Arabia has witnessed an increase in cyber threats targeting industrial infrastructure. One of the most well-known incidents was the Triton malware attack in 2017, which targeted the safety systems of an industrial facility. This attack attempted to disable safety mechanisms, posing a significant risk to both operations and human lives. The incident highlighted the urgent need for advanced OT security measures to protect critical infrastructure.

Saudi Arabia’s Regulations and Efforts

To enhance cybersecurity across key industries, Saudi Arabia has implemented strict regulatory frameworks. The National Cybersecurity Authority (NCA) has established guidelines to protect critical sectors from cyber threats. The Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA) Cybersecurity Framework ensures compliance within the financial sector, while the National Industrial Development and Logistics Program (NIDLP) emphasizes secure and resilient industrial growth. These regulations reflect the country’s commitment to strengthening its cybersecurity posture.

How Watad is Leading OT Cybersecurity in Saudi Arabia

Watad is at the forefront of OT cybersecurity, offering specialized solutions tailored to the needs of industrial environments. The company provides network segmentation and threat detection to prevent unauthorized access to industrial control systems. It also utilizes AI-powered anomaly detection to identify unusual activity in real-time, minimizing the risk of cyber threats.

In addition, Watad ensures that organizations comply with Saudi cybersecurity regulations by providing expert guidance and implementation support. Through its custom training programs, Watad equips security teams with the latest knowledge and skills to defend against evolving OT threats.

Conclusion

As industries become more connected, OT cybersecurity is no longer optional—it is essential. A well-protected OT environment ensures business continuity, operational safety, and national security. With its expertise in cybersecurity and industrial automation, Watad is committed to securing Saudi Arabia’s critical infrastructure for the future.